Tax research

The Tax Policy Center has released a series of data tables taking a look at the effect of the major tax changes enacted since 2001.For each table, the center compares the amount of tax owed under current law with the amount that would have been paid if the law had stayed the same as it was in 2000. Estimates are computed both for dollar-income classes (for example, $40,000 to $50,000) and for percentiles of income distribution (for example, middle quintile, which includes households in the middle 20 percent of the income distribution).

Senators Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, and Max Baucus, D-Mont., struck an agreement with House lawmakers on bipartisan, bicameral legislation to extend expired and expiring tax, health, trade, and other provisions.

The 2006 elections saw the Democrats taking control of both the House and the Senate for the first time in 12 years. The shift in the House is probably the most significant.In the House, the majority party controls the agenda: what hearings are held, what legislation gets taken up by committees. The Democratic majority is a narrow one, just as the Republican majority had been a narrow one. Many of the newly elected Democrats were chosen to appeal to moderate voters, so it is far from clear that there has been a major shift in the view of House members on tax issues. Still, control of the agenda will tend to mean that Democratic proposals, rather than Republican proposals, will emerge from the House Ways and Means Committee.

Politicking is still causing a number of popular tax breaks to be held up in Congress.With the 109th Congress scheduled to wrap up its business at the end of next week, a number of expiring tax measures still have yet to be renewed.

State revenues remain stable for the most part, but in a few places, collections in individual tax categories are not living up to expectations, according to the latest survey of state fiscal offices by the National Conference of State Legislatures.

A partner in the Washington office of law firm Venable LLP since 2003, Sam Olchyk provides general tax advice for businesses and individuals, as well as tackling federal tax issues that require representation before Congress, the Treasury Department and the Internal Revenue Service.Prior to joining the firm, Olchyk spent eight years as a tax attorney for Congress -- first as tax counsel with the Senate Finance Committee, and then as legislation counsel with the Joint Committee on Taxation, where his main responsibility was helping with the development of tax legislation affecting domestic business activity. During his time on Capitol Hill, Olchyk, who is also a CPA, worked on numerous proposals that were enacted into law, including pieces of the Job Creation and Worker Assistance Act of 2002, the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 and the Community Renewal Tax Relief Act of 2000. In 2001, he worked on a joint committee study regarding the simplification of the federal tax laws.

Responding to criticism from Congress and taxpayer advocates, the Internal Revenue Service announced that for the upcoming tax-filing season, private sector partners in its Free File program will remove ancillary offerings -- such as refund anticipation loans -- made to taxpayers in the course of participating in the program.“We heard many legitimate concerns about the marketing of ancillary products during the last filing season,” said IRS Commissioner Mark Everson, in a statement. “This is a constructive step.”

The California Franchise Tax Board has voted unanimously to permanently offer a program allowing some low-income residents to file government-prepared tax returns, despite opposition from tax preparation software companies.

The Internal Revenue Service has allocated nearly $1 billion of tax credits to nine planned clean coal projects.The Energy Policy Act of 2005 authorized the tax credits, and, working within a number of set parameters, the IRS consulted with the Department of Energy to allocate the credit to specific projects.

The Internal Revenue Service announced new guidelines for taxpayers to follow in order to substantiate donations to charities that were made via payroll deduction.

The Internal Revenue Service modified a $103 million contract for the management of paper tax returns in November, according to a published report.According to the Washington Post, the original plan to turn over the filing, storage and retrieval activities at seven IRS centers to a contractor Dec. 1 was altered so that, for now, the outsourcing will occur at just two centers. In a statement, the IRS said the conversion was scaled back "to ensure that a sufficient number of employees with the required training and security clearances are in place to manage the files during the upcoming filing season."

Accountants and journalists have a lot in common—a lot of people don't like us. There was a period during the accounting scandals when accountants and reporters were right next to each other down, far down the list of most admired professions, and we hadn't moved up. Another thing we have in common is that our businesses have been built looking backwards. Accountants record historical transactions. Journalists record things that have happened. Accountants have been told they must become more forwarded looking. Journalists must do the same. In fact, accountants have an easier time. They have audits and taxation, a regulatory environment that provides the potential for a steady stream of business. No one is required to read a print publication or visit a publishing house's Internet site. I am not predicting the end of print. Every time I visit Borders or Barnes & Noble, I witness crowds devouring books and magazines. Print isn't going away. But journalists must change because the Internet removes the need to have so many of us providing historical information. That is particularly true in technology journalism. Most people aren't concerned about what happened in the past. Who wants to read year-old software reviews? We all want to know what we are going to be able to buy within the next year. What's the latest gadget? And that's the long-term view. The real solution for journalism is difficult because it requires an investment in people, not easy to do when margins are under pressure. But unless we are all going into business selling rejiggered data that is gathered by a bunch of electronic grunts, the main thing we have to sell is the knowledge we have that can be used to help our readers make decisions to keep their businesses alive and breathing. There is no gain in body counting. I've never believed too much in the concept of disintermediation. That's the process by which the Internet supposedly removes the need to have intermediaries who interpret things. On the contrary, we need more intermediaries. If you have ever walked into a store with a large audio-video section, you have probably found yourself bewildered by choices. It's the sales person's job to limit choices—what's your price range, how serious are you about music and what types? Without a salesperson's help, there is a good chance you won't make a buying decision. The vast amount of data available is like that confusing sales room. Without someone to limit the choices, it's hard to make a decision. This is the market in which journalists should have an opportunity to prosper. Like accountants, we must know what our market is. There's not much to be gained from covering accounting scandals and Sarbanes-Oxley, except stroking your own ego, if your best chance of serving readers is talking about write-up software and how they can do a better job hiring. We must interpret, not record. As I like to say, "Disintermediate, never. Intermediate now!" Or risk disintegrating as a profession.

The U.S. Tax Court will continue its consideration of a requirement that would push the Internal Revenue Service commissioner to publicly file answers to all small tax cases.Chief Judge John Colvin first announced the proposed change in September, noting that small tax cases comprise about half of the court’s docket. He said that petitioners in those cases are increasingly being represented by low-income taxpayer clinics, and suggested that those parties, as well as the court itself, might benefit from improved pretrial communication between all the parties involved in settling some of those cases.

ADP Employer Services, a division of Automatic Data Processing Inc., announced that it has completed its acquisition of Taxware LP from First Data Corp.

State tax policy has only a modest effect on entrepreneurship rates, according to a report released by the Small Business Administration’s Office of Advocacy.A new analysis by professors at the University of Tennessee and Creighton University takes into account tax rates, as well as the type of taxes in a state’s portfolio, to reach the conclusion. “State Tax Policy and Entrepreneurial Activity” looks at detailed tax policy information from 50 states, spanning from 1989 through 2001.

After years of sounding the fiscal imbalance bell, Comptroller General David Walker, the head of the Government Accountability Office, has committed a to-do list to paper for the 110th Congress.In a letter dated Nov. 17, Walker outlines a number of areas his federal watchdog agency, says the newly-elected politicians should consider in getting a “jump-start” on legislative planning.

From its origins as a response to client inquiries on how transactions would affect their tax returns, tax planning has morphed into a year-round enterprise for practitioners, as well as a solid builder of client loyalty.Yet it's still a relatively well-kept secret, according to Jorge Olivarietta, senior product manager at Lacerte. "When a client comes in for tax prep, it's not just about inputting the information and creating a return," he said. "An accountant's job is to take the inputs, and make sure that what the customer is planning on doing is the right action. At the end of the day, you want to come as close to zero liability as possible."

It's not uncommon to read stories about companies that stretch the rules to avoid paying taxes. But currently there's a tax that many companies are already paying, though at present they have no legal obligation to do so.The Streamlined Sales Tax Program, the tax designed to recoup perceived lost state tax revenues due to online and other out-of-state sales, is chugging along, even though federal legislation to institute it on a permanent basis appears to be standing still.

With the Democrats winning control of the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate, the tax legislative outlook has shifted to new priorities and concerns, according to Mel Schwarz, a partner in Grant Thornton’s National Tax Office.

Tax and financial products provider Thomson Tax & Accounting has bolstered its Fast-Tax print services to include Schedule K-1s for trusts and estates.